Exploring Supermarket Loyalty Card Analysis to Identify Who Buys Fairtrade

The aim of this paper is to show how supermarket loyalty card data from a panel of over 1.7 million shoppers can be analysed to provide behavioural segmentation insights to profile the fairtrade shopper in order to enhance making targeted marketing decisions. The paper demonstrates the huge marketing potential that loyalty card based shopper segmentation can bring to objectively describe who buys fairtrade products, compared to profiling shoppers with claimed/reported behaviour dataset. A pairedsamples t-test is used to test the degree of appeal of fairtrade tea, coffee, chocolate, drinking chocolates, banana and sugar categories in Tesco to life-stage and lifestyle shopper segments in terms of their retail sales values over 104 weeks. The results show that analysing loyalty cards based on actual behaviour provides a more detailed picture of how specific fairtrade food product categories appeal to the various life-stage and lifestyle shopper segments

Manipulating adenovirus hexon hypervariable loops dictates immune neutralisation and coagulation factor X-dependent cell interaction in vitro and in vivo

Adenoviruses are common pathogens, mostly targeting ocular, gastrointestinal and respiratory cells, but in some cases infection disseminates, presenting in severe clinical outcomes. Upon dissemination and contact with blood, coagulation factor X (FX) interacts directly with the adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) hexon. FX can act as a bridge to bind heparan sulphate proteoglycans, leading to substantial Ad5 hepatocyte uptake. FX “coating” also protects the virus from host IgM and complement-mediated neutralisation. However, the contribution of FX in determining Ad liver transduction whilst simultaneously shielding the virus from immune attack remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that the FX protection mechanism is not conserved amongst Ad types, and identify the hexon hypervariable regions (HVR) of Ad5 as the capsid proteins targeted by this host defense pathway. Using genetic and pharmacological approaches, we manipulate Ad5 HVR interactions to interrogate the interplay between viral cell transduction and immune neutralisation. We show that FX and inhibitory serum components can co-compete and virus neutralisation is influenced by both the location and extent of modifications to the Ad5 HVRs. We engineered Ad5-derived HVRs into the rare, native non FX-binding Ad26 to create Ad26.HVR5C. This enabled the virus to interact with FX at high affinity, as quantified by surface plasmon resonance, FX-mediated cell binding and transduction assays. Concomitantly, Ad26.HVR5C was also sensitised to immune attack in the absence of FX, a direct consequence of the engineered HVRs from Ad5. In both immune competent and deficient animals, Ad26.HVR5C hepatic gene transfer was mediated by FX following intravenous delivery. This study gives mechanistic insight into the pivotal role of the Ad5 HVRs in conferring sensitivity to virus neutralisation by IgM and classical complement-mediated attack. Furthermore, through this gain-of-function approach we demonstrate the dual functionality of FX in protecting Ad26.HVR5C against innate immune factors whilst determining liver targeting

Efficacy of Mentalization-Based Group Therapy for adolescents:A pilot randomised controlled trail

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/2647Background: Suicide is the leading cause of death in adolescents. Furthermore, up to one quarter of adolescents who self-harm will repeat self-harm within one year, highlighting the need for evidence-based prevention and treatment services. Mentalization Based Therapy (MBT) has yielded promising outcomes for individuals who self-harm, however to date only one study has examined MBT in adolescents, wherein the treatment protocol consisted of individual and family therapy. Currently, there has been no development or examination of MBT-A in a group format for adolescents. Methods/Design: The present study is a randomised controlled single blind feasibility trial that aims to (1) adapt the original explicit MBT introductory group manual for an adolescent population (MBT-Ai) and to (2) assess the feasibility of MBT-Ai through examination of consent rates, attendance, attrition and self-harm. Participants are adolescents presenting to Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) with self-harming behaviors within the last 6 months. Young people will be randomised to a 12-week MBT-Ai group plus treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. Participants will be assessed at baseline and at 12-, 24- and 36-weeks post-baseline. Discussion: This paper describes the development of a treatment manual and the protocol of a randomised controlled feasibility trial of MBT-Ai aimed at treating adolescents who self-harm. Further investigation of a full-scale trial will be necessary to instill benefits if pilot results suggest efficacy. Trial registration: NCT0277169

A story of she: collective feminist film making at home (between Japan and Scotland).

‘Speculative Fiction: Practicing Collectively’ is the title of the ongoing collective film practice, produced between different people and places, on screen, and in homes, in Scotland and Japan. Situated in critical feminist perspectives, the authors collective approach uses digital spaces as a platform for collaboration and co-learning opportunities, meant as explicitly feminist acts of sharing knowledge and ways of knowing, and mutual learning. In this contemporary moment when COVID-19 has forced the authors to “socially” distance, the online format and cross-cultural nature of the project supports such deliberate sharing practices, and their dialogue across disparate geographies and perspectives. The film is made of three sections, each of which has been produced in different constellations of collaboration, different ways of being together. It will be shown in its entirety at an exhibition at Tokyo Arts and Space in December 2020; the first section of the film, which you can view alongside this short article, was also exhibited online, via a Japanese art and cultural support project in August 2020. This first film was created collectively in response to a theme devised by Natsumi Sakamoto and Rachel Grant: attending to everyday labour, care, and gender roles at home. Sakamoto, a member of Back and Forth Collective, a transnational feminist artist collective founded in Tokyo, invited two Japanese artists from the collective. Duffy, Clarke and McWhinney were invited as artists based in Scotland. This article is also collectively written and edited. The film is still being produced, emerging through three stages of production. The central point of departure for our collaboration was the essay ‘The Carrier Bag Theory of Fiction’ (1986) by speculative feminist writer Ursula K. Le Guin. The first film involved the authors producing short films as individuals, with explicit instructions, to create a narrative around a fictional ‘she’ and to visualise it with film, animation, and performance documentation. This was followed by a lively discussion that addressed gender issues and stereotypes in Japan and the UK, including the controversies around women breastfeeding, motherhood, housework, childcare and care work, which remain too often invisible, un-paid, and undervalued. The following section presents diverse reflections on the key idea –home– in relation to the artists’ individual practices, their work, and/or the making of the first part of our film, which was made in the Spring of 2020, under lockdown. The final section addresses the collective nature of this ongoing experiment

Resources, key traits and the size of fungal epidemics in Daphnia populations

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/111939/1/jane12363.pd

Analysing MyOptions: experiences of Ireland's abortion information and support service

Background: In 2018, the Irish government enacted a liberalised abortion law permitting expanded access to abortion from January 2019. A dedicated information and support service – MyOptions – was established to provide non-directive counselling and clinical advice about unplanned pregnancy. MyOptions provides contact details for abortion providers but does not make appointments for abortion-seekers. In 2020, the Abortion Rights Campaign (ARC) conducted research into Irish residents’ experiences of abortion care under the new law, including their experiences with MyOptions. Methods: Between September 2020 and March 2021, ARC administered an online survey. Qualitative data were coded using NVIVO software and analysed through thematic analysis. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively. This article analyses a subsection of these data to answer the question: What were abortion-seekers’ experiences of using MyOptions? Results: Many respondents were unaware of MyOptions before becoming pregnant. Some described MyOptions as useful and compassionate. Others noted a lack of clarity from MyOptions about the scope of its service and a lack of information on accessing abortion after 12 weeks. Respondents reported frustration that the service did not arrange appointments, explaining that having to contact general practitioners (GPs) themselves was stressful and time-consuming, as was GPs’ refusal to provide care or refer to a willing provider. Conclusions: MyOptions primarily benefits abortion-seekers whose pregnancies are under 12 weeks and who are comfortable contacting a GP themselves. The addition of an appointments booking service and guidance on how to access abortion for medical reasons and abortion after 12 weeks could improve the service

Habitat, predators, and hosts regulate disease in Daphnia through direct and indirect pathways

Community ecology can link habitat to disease via interactions among habitat, focal hosts, other hosts, their parasites, and predators. However, complicated food web interactions (i.e., trophic interactions among predators and their impacts on host density and diversity) often obscure the important pathways regulating disease. Here, we disentangle community drivers in a case study of planktonic disease, using a two‐step approach. In step one, we tested univariate field patterns linking community interactions directly to two disease metrics. Density of focal hosts (Daphnia dentifera) was related to density but not prevalence of fungal (Metschnikowia bicuspidata) infections. Both disease metrics appeared to be driven by selective predators that cull infected hosts (fish, e.g., Lepomis macrochirus), sloppy predators that spread parasites while feeding (midges, Chaoborus punctipennis), and spore predators that reduce contact between focal hosts and parasites (other zooplankton, especially small‐bodied Ceriodaphnia sp.). Host diversity also negatively correlated with disease, suggesting a dilution effect. However, several of these univariate patterns were initially misleading, due to confounding ecological links among habitat, predators, host density, and host diversity. In step two, path models uncovered and explained these misleading patterns, and grounded them in habitat structure (refuge size). First, rather than directly reducing infection prevalence, fish predation drove disease indirectly through changes in density of midges and frequency of small spore predators (which became more frequent in lakes with small refuges). Second, small spore predators drove the two disease metrics through fundamentally different pathways: they directly reduced infection prevalence, but indirectly reduced density of infected hosts by lowering density of focal hosts (likely via competition). Third, the univariate diversity–disease pattern (signaling a dilution effect) merely reflected the confounding direct effects of these small spore predators. Diversity per se had no effect on disease, after accounting for the links between small spore predators, diversity, and infection prevalence. In turn, these small spore predators were regulated by both size‐selective fish predation and refuge size. Thus, path models not only explain each of these surprising results, but also trace their origins back to habitat structure.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134436/1/ecm1222_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134436/2/ecm1222-sup-0001-AppendixS1.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134436/3/ecm1222.pd

The Grizzly, October 2, 2014

UC Responds to Drop in Ranking • Ragball Tournament Returns • Assault Addressed • Letter to the Editor • Sustainability Kicks Off • What\u27s the CSCG? • New Art Professor Explains Why She Came to Ursinus • Scudera Adapts Oscar Wilde • Opinion: Curbing Your Enthusiasm; Voting in Mid-Term Elections is Important • Snell Cup Allows Team to Interact with Past Players • Digging In: Groff Leads Volleyball to Hot Start • Fresh Faceshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1911/thumbnail.jp